Which of the following is not one of Richard Quinney’s six Marxist propositions for an understanding of crime?

(a) The state is organized to serve the interests of the dominant economic class.
(b) The criminal law is an instrument of the state to perpetuate the existing social and economic order.
(c) American society is based on an advanced capitalist economy.
(d) The system is an Topper’s organization designed to maintain order throughout society