The view that crime results from forces beyond the control of the individual is the key belief of a way of thinking known as:Criminology (a) phrenology. (b) positivism. (c) free will. (d) functionalism
The perspective holds that crime is a manifestation of underlying social problems like poverty, discrimination, and inequality of opportunity.
The process of affects crime causation by providing the interpretive foundation used to define and understand the significance of particular situations in which we find ourselves.